What is gear oil? The gear oil used in ordinary passenger cars is generally found in manual transmissions, dry double clutch transmissions, and differentials.
Note that although gear oil is somewhat similar to transmission oil, it cannot be used universally. The two oils are not the same.
For most car owners, gear oil does not need to be replaced during maintenance.
In other words, the gear oil of the transmission and the gear oil of the differential are basically maintenance free for most models.
Only under special circumstances, such as oil leakage or mechanical failure, gear oil needs to be replaced; In other words, gear oil needs to be replaced and maintained regularly for some special models with high operation intensity.
Gear oil plays no less important role in cars than oil.
To select gear oil, you need to master two parameters, one is the quality level, the other is the viscosity level.
Like engine oil, gear oil is also divided into mineral oil, semi synthetic oil and full synthetic oil. Because gear oil is replaced very frequently and the amount is less than engine oil, it is recommended to use full synthetic oil directly if it is replaced.
The first parameter is the quality level.
Like engine oil, the internationally accepted quality grade standard for gear oil is also formulated by API, the American Petroleum Institute. For gear oil, API is divided into 6 grades, from GL-1 to GL-6.
The difference between different grades is mainly determined by the type and working condition of the gear, and different gear types and working conditions have different requirements for the thermal stability and oxidation resistance of the oil film.
For mid to low-end sedans and small buses, choose GL-4; For high-end cars, luxury cars, performance cars, and some SUVs with good off-road performance, choose the GL-5. As for the GL-6, if you're not driving a racing car, there's no need to consider it at all.
The second parameter: viscosity grade.
The selection of viscosity is mainly based on the ambient temperature. Like engine oil, the viscosity grade of gear oil, the internationally accepted classification standard, is also formulated by SAE, the Society of Automotive Engineers.
The viscosity grade of gear oil is divided into 7 grades, namely 75W, 75W/90, 80W/90, 85W/90, 90, 85W/140 and 140. The letter W refers to the viscosity of gear oil at low temperature.
For example, 75W/90 means that this kind of gear oil can withstand the high temperature of minus 40 degrees Celsius and still maintain good fluidity.
The latter 90 represents the viscosity of gear oil at high temperature. In these 7 levels, the following set of numbers only has three situations, none, either 90, or 140.
Without the following set of numbers, it means that the high-temperature performance is poor and only suitable for low-temperature conditions; With this set of numbers, 140 is more suitable for high-temperature working conditions than 90.
In other words, if there are 90 and 140 numbers, the viscosity of gear oil at high temperature is relatively large, and the strength and toughness of the oil film are good.
01 Precautions for selecting gear oil
1. Taboos for use of gear oil
During use, it is strictly prohibited to add diesel oil to gear oil for dilution, or bake the rear axle and transmission due to the impact on winter starting, so as to avoid serious deterioration of gear oil. If this happens, the low-viscosity multistage gear oil should be used.
2. Timely addition and replacement
During the operation of the vehicle, the gear oil of each assembly and component will consume a part due to local leakage, evaporation, or extrusion, and will deteriorate over a long period of time, so it is necessary to add it timely. The added gear oil must meet the requirements of the original vehicle.
3. Timely oil change
The oil should be replaced with new oil according to the specified oil change indicators. If there is no oil quality analysis instrument, the oil can be replaced according to the specified deadline. When changing the oil, the old oil should be drained while it is hot, and the gear and gearbox should be cleaned before adding new oil. When refueling, water and impurities should be prevented from mixing in.
4. Rational use of gear oil
Gear oil has a long service life. If single-stage oil is used, different viscosity grades should be used during seasonal maintenance. If the discharged old oil does not reach the oil change deadline, it can be used for another oil change. Old oil should be properly stored and strictly protected from moisture, mechanical impurities, and waste oil pollution.
02 Replacement steps of automobile gear oil
Before changing the gear oil, warm up the car to keep it at normal temperature.
Step 1: Remove the gear
We should first locate the position of the odometer cable on the gearbox, then carefully remove the odometer cable shaft cover, and slowly twist the plastic small gear.
Step 2: drain the old gear oil
Remove the transmission gear oil drain plug, drain the old gear oil, and then tighten the drain plug. Be sure to drain the old engine oil inside to prevent polluting the newly added gear oil.
Step 3: Add gear oil
Then add gear oil from the odometer axis hole. When adding, pay attention to the position of gear oil oil level so as not to exceed the F line. At the same time, try to be careful to prevent oil from spilling outside.
Step 4: Reinstall
Carefully install the removed gears, preferably according to the operating instructions, and there should be no shortage of spare parts installed.
In a word, the selection of gear oil can generally be based on the following reference standards, such as the driving axle type, working conditions, load and speed to determine the quality level of the oil used and other factors, of course, the lowest ambient operating temperature and transmission equipment can also be used? The highest operating temperature is used to determine the viscosity level of the oil.
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2023-04-28